Sources & References
Last Updated: September 2026
At MediConditions, we aim to provide clear, accurate, and understandable health information based on reliable medical and scientific evidence.
Our articles cover diseases, medical conditions, symptoms, causes, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, complications, and related health topics. Because medical knowledge changes over time, we regularly review our content and update information when reliable new evidence becomes available.
This page explains the types of sources we use, how we evaluate information, and how readers can verify the information published on MediConditions.
1. Our Commitment to Reliable Health Information
MediConditions is an educational health-information website.
We do not intend to replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional. Medical information can vary according to a person’s age, medical history, medications, location, diagnosis, and other circumstances.
Our editorial process therefore prioritizes information from:
Government health agencies
Public-health organizations
Medical associations
Universities and academic institutions
Peer-reviewed scientific publications
Evidence-based clinical guidelines
Established medical and healthcare institutions
When appropriate, we compare information from multiple authoritative sources rather than relying on a single source.
2. Primary Sources We Use
World Health Organization (WHO)
The World Health Organization (WHO) provides global public-health information, disease guidance, health statistics, technical reports, and evidence-based recommendations.
We may use WHO resources when covering:
Infectious diseases
Global disease burden
Vaccination
Public health
Nutrition
Mental health
Chronic diseases
Health emergencies
International health recommendations
Official source:
World Health Organization (WHO)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
The CDC provides evidence-based information about diseases, infections, prevention, vaccination, public health, risk factors, and health statistics, particularly for the United States.
We may use CDC resources for topics including:
Infectious diseases
Vaccines
Chronic diseases
Prevention
Public-health statistics
Foodborne illnesses
Respiratory diseases
Travel-related health information
Official source:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is a major U.S. biomedical research organization.
NIH resources may be used when researching:
Diseases and disorders
Medical research
Genetics
Nutrition
Chronic conditions
Treatment research
Clinical studies
Biomedical science
Official source:
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
National Library of Medicine (NLM)
The National Library of Medicine (NLM) provides access to extensive biomedical and health information.
MediConditions may use NLM resources for medical terminology, disease information, research literature and scientific references.
Official source:
National Library of Medicine (NLM)
PubMed
PubMed is a major database for biomedical and life-sciences literature.
We may use PubMed to locate:
Peer-reviewed research
Clinical studies
Systematic reviews
Meta-analyses
Medical reviews
Epidemiological studies
Official source:
A PubMed listing does not automatically mean that a study proves a medical claim. We consider the study design, population, publication date, limitations, and relevance before using research in our content.
3. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
The FDA provides official information concerning medicines, medical devices, food safety, vaccines, supplements, and other regulated health products.
FDA resources may be used when discussing:
Prescription medications
Over-the-counter medicines
Drug safety
Medication warnings
Medical devices
Food and supplement regulation
Official source:
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Medication information can change. Readers should always check current prescribing information and consult a healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing medication.
4. NHS
The National Health Service (NHS) provides public healthcare information for the United Kingdom.
NHS resources may be used for general information concerning:
Symptoms
Diseases
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
Medicines
When to seek medical care
Official source:
5. Medical and Professional Organizations
Depending on the subject, MediConditions may also consult established professional medical organizations.
Examples include:
American Heart Association (AHA)
Used when researching cardiovascular conditions, heart health, stroke prevention, blood pressure, cholesterol and related topics.
American Diabetes Association (ADA)
Used for diabetes-related medical information, standards, complications, prevention and management.
American Cancer Society (ACS)
Used for cancer-related information, risk factors, screening, treatment and prevention.
American Academy of Dermatology (AAD)
Used for information concerning skin, hair and nail conditions.
American Academy of Dermatology
American Academy of Neurology (AAN)
May be used for neurological conditions and evidence-based neurological information.
The professional organization used for an article depends on the medical subject and availability of relevant guidance.
6. Academic and University Sources
Where appropriate, we may use reputable universities, academic medical centers and research institutions as supporting sources.
Examples may include:
University medical schools
Academic hospitals
Research institutions
University research publications
Academic clinical guidelines
The reputation of an institution alone does not establish that every individual webpage is appropriate evidence. We consider the specific content, publication date, authorship and scientific basis.
7. Clinical Guidelines
For treatment and clinical-management information, we may refer to recognized clinical guidelines.
Depending on the subject, these may include guidance from:
Government health agencies
Medical specialty organizations
Public-health organizations
Recognized guideline-producing institutions
Professional medical associations
Clinical recommendations can vary by country and may change as new evidence becomes available.
MediConditions therefore attempts to identify the relevant country or healthcare system when a recommendation is region-specific.
8. How We Evaluate Sources
Before using information in an article, we consider several factors.
Authority
We prefer sources produced by recognized medical, scientific, governmental or academic institutions.
Evidence
We prioritize information supported by scientific evidence, clinical research and established medical guidance.
Recency
Medical knowledge changes. We check publication or update dates when they are relevant to the claim.
Relevance
A source must actually support the medical statement being made.
Context
Statistics and research findings should be interpreted in the context of:
Country
Population
Age group
Sex where relevant
Study period
Study design
Sample size
Clinical setting
Limitations
When research has important limitations, those limitations may be mentioned rather than presenting the finding as universally applicable.
9. Sources for Medical Statistics
Medical statistics can differ significantly between studies and countries.
For this reason, MediConditions aims to identify the relevant:
Country or geographic region
Population
Study period
Source
Publication or update date
Relevant methodology when available
We avoid presenting an isolated statistic as a universal fact when the available evidence does not support that interpretation.
For example, a prevalence estimate from one country or age group should not automatically be described as the prevalence for the entire world.
10. Sources and References on Individual Articles
Where appropriate, individual MediConditions articles contain a Sources & References section.
References may include:
Official health-agency pages
Clinical guidelines
Peer-reviewed studies
Medical association resources
Academic institutions
Government publications
Where a specific medical claim depends on a particular source, we aim to make that source identifiable and accessible to readers.
Readers should be able to understand where important medical information came from and independently review the underlying source whenever practical.
11. Research Articles and Scientific Studies
When using scientific research, we consider the type of evidence.
Examples include:
Randomized controlled trials
Cohort studies
Case-control studies
Cross-sectional studies
Systematic reviews
Meta-analyses
Clinical reviews
Laboratory research
Different research designs have different strengths and limitations.
A single study should not automatically be presented as establishing a medical fact, particularly when the broader scientific evidence is uncertain or conflicting.
12. Conflicting or Emerging Evidence
Medical science is continuously developing.
Sometimes studies produce different findings or evidence remains limited.
When meaningful uncertainty exists, MediConditions aims to avoid presenting a developing scientific question as settled fact.
Depending on the subject, articles may explain:
What is currently established
What remains uncertain
What researchers are studying
Where evidence is limited
Whether professional guidance differs
We do not intentionally select sources merely because they support a preferred conclusion.
13. Medicines and Treatment Information
Treatment information is particularly sensitive because treatment decisions depend on individual circumstances.
When discussing treatments, we may use:
Clinical guidelines
Government health agencies
Regulatory agencies
Medical associations
Peer-reviewed research
Established medical institutions
Articles may discuss commonly recognized treatments, but this information is educational and should not be interpreted as an individualized treatment plan.
MediConditions does not recommend that readers:
Start prescription medication without appropriate medical advice
Stop prescribed medication without consulting their healthcare professional
Change medication dosage based solely on an article
Replace professional diagnosis with online information
Delay urgent medical care because of information found on the website
14. Supplements and Complementary Treatments
Information about vitamins, supplements, herbal products and complementary approaches is reviewed carefully.
When discussing these subjects, we aim to distinguish between:
Established evidence
Limited evidence
Preliminary research
Traditional use
Claims that lack sufficient scientific support
MediConditions does not promote miracle cures or guarantee that a supplement, herb, diet or alternative treatment will cure a disease.
15. Artificial Intelligence and Content Creation
MediConditions may use artificial-intelligence tools to assist with:
Research organization
Draft preparation
Content structuring
Summarization
Editing
Formatting
Brainstorming
SEO organization
AI-generated information is not automatically considered medically accurate.
Medical claims must be checked against appropriate reliable sources before publication.
MediConditions does not intentionally publish:
Fabricated studies
Fake medical references
Invented statistics
Fake doctors or reviewers
False medical credentials
Unsupported treatment claims
Invented quotations
Misleading medical information
AI assistance does not replace responsible editorial review.
16. Medical Review
MediConditions may have medical content reviewed by an appropriately qualified healthcare professional when such review has actually taken place.
We do not describe an article as “medically reviewed”, “doctor reviewed”, “expert reviewed” or similar unless the stated review was genuinely performed.
Where medical review is provided, we aim to identify:
Reviewer name
Professional qualification
Relevant specialty
Review date
A medical review statement should not be interpreted as a guarantee of individual medical advice or a guarantee that every reader’s circumstances are covered.
17. Authors and Contributors
MediConditions aims to provide transparent information about content authors and contributors where applicable.
We do not knowingly create fictional medical professionals or falsely attribute medical expertise to individuals.
Professional credentials are presented only when they are accurate and appropriate to the contributor.
18. Content Updates
Medical information can become outdated.
MediConditions may periodically review articles for:
New medical evidence
Updated guidelines
Changes in treatment recommendations
New safety warnings
Updated statistics
Broken or outdated references
Changes in terminology
Articles may display a Last Updated or Last Reviewed date when applicable.
An update date indicates that the content was reviewed or modified; it does not mean that every statement in the article has changed.
19. Corrections Policy
If we identify a factual error, outdated statement, misleading explanation or incorrect reference, we aim to correct it as soon as reasonably practical.
Readers can report potential errors through our Contact page.
When reporting an issue, please provide:
Article title or URL
The statement you believe is incorrect
The reason for the concern
A reliable source supporting the correction, if available
We may review the information and update the article when appropriate.
20. Emergency Medical Information
MediConditions is not an emergency medical service.
If someone experiences potentially serious or life-threatening symptoms, they should seek appropriate emergency medical care immediately.
Examples may include:
Severe difficulty breathing
Severe chest pain
Signs of stroke
Severe allergic reaction
Loss of consciousness
Serious injury
Uncontrolled bleeding
Sudden severe neurological symptoms
Other symptoms requiring urgent medical attention
Readers should not delay emergency care while researching symptoms online.
21. Geographic Differences
Medical recommendations, approved medicines, screening programs, healthcare systems and treatment availability can differ between countries.
Information from a U.S. source may not automatically represent medical practice in:
India
Australia
United Kingdom
Canada
Other countries
When relevant, MediConditions identifies geographic limitations and encourages readers to consult appropriate local healthcare professionals and health authorities.
22. Children’s Health
Health information concerning infants, children and teenagers requires additional care.
Symptoms, medication doses, diagnostic criteria and treatment recommendations may differ significantly according to age and weight.
General information on MediConditions should not be used to calculate or change a child’s medication dose without appropriate professional guidance.
23. Health Information Is Educational
The information published on MediConditions is intended for general educational and informational purposes.
It should not be used as a substitute for:
Professional medical diagnosis
Individualized medical advice
A physical examination
Emergency medical care
A treatment plan from a qualified healthcare professional
Readers should discuss personal health concerns with an appropriately qualified healthcare professional.
24. Advertising and Editorial Independence
MediConditions may display advertising, including advertising provided by third-party advertising networks.
Advertising does not determine the medical information published by our editorial process.
We aim to maintain a distinction between:
Editorial content
and
Advertising or promotional content.
Where affiliate relationships or sponsored content exist, appropriate disclosure will be provided.
The presence of an advertisement does not constitute an endorsement of the advertised product, service or medical claim by MediConditions.
25. External Links
MediConditions may link to external websites for additional information or references.
External websites operate independently and may change their content, policies or availability.
A link to an external website does not necessarily mean that MediConditions endorses every statement or service provided by that website.
Readers should evaluate external information carefully and consult authoritative sources for important medical decisions.
26. What We Do Not Accept as Medical Evidence
MediConditions does not intentionally treat the following as sufficient evidence for medical claims:
Anonymous social-media posts
Unverified online comments
Personal anecdotes presented as proof
Viral social-media claims
Unverified testimonials
Fabricated studies
AI-generated references that cannot be verified
Commercial claims without appropriate evidence
Claims of guaranteed cures
Unsupported “miracle treatment” claims
Personal experiences can be meaningful, but an individual experience does not establish that a treatment works for everyone.
27. Reader Responsibility
Readers should consider their own circumstances when interpreting health information.
Important factors can include:
Age
Existing medical conditions
Medications
Allergies
Pregnancy
Family history
Lifestyle
Previous diagnoses
Country and healthcare system
Information that is appropriate for one person may not be appropriate for another.
28. Our Source Hierarchy
When reliable information is available, our general preference is:
1. Government and public-health authorities
↓
2. International health organizations
↓
3. Professional medical organizations
↓
4. Peer-reviewed scientific literature
↓
5. Academic medical institutions
↓
6. Established medical institutions and hospitals
Secondary sources may be used for context, but important medical claims should be supported by appropriate authoritative evidence whenever practical.
This hierarchy is a general editorial framework rather than an absolute rule. The best source depends on the specific medical question.
29. Keeping Information Current
Because medical science evolves, no online health resource should be considered permanently complete.
We encourage readers to check the publication or update date of information and consult current guidance from appropriate health authorities for important decisions.
MediConditions will continue working to improve the accuracy, clarity, transparency and usefulness of its health information.
30. Contact Us About Sources or Corrections
If you believe an article contains:
An incorrect medical statement
An outdated recommendation
An incorrect statistic
A broken reference
A misleading interpretation
A missing important source
please contact us through the MediConditions Contact page.
We welcome constructive feedback that helps improve the quality of our health information.
Important Notice
MediConditions provides general health information for educational purposes only.
The information on this website is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease or medical condition and should not be considered a substitute for professional medical advice.
Do not use information from this website to start, stop or change medication or treatment without consulting an appropriately qualified healthcare professional.
For urgent or emergency symptoms, seek appropriate emergency medical care.
Our Commitment
At MediConditions, our goal is simple:
Clear information. Reliable sources. Responsible health education.
We aim to make medical information easier to understand while respecting the complexity of healthcare and the importance of evidence-based information.
MediConditions — Understanding Health Conditions, One Condition at a Time.
Official Reference Resources
For readers who want to verify health information directly, we recommend consulting authoritative resources such as: